Props and State

State is the place where the data comes from. You should always try to make your state as simple as possible and minimize number of stateful components. If you have, for example, ten components that need data from the state, you should create one container component that will keep the state for all of them.

Using Props

Code sample below shows how to create stateful component using EcmaScript2016 syntax.

App.jsx

import React from 'react';

class App extends React.Component {
   constructor(props) {
      super(props);
  
      this.state = {
         header: "Header from state...",
         "content": "Content from state..."
      }
   }
 
   render() {
      return (
         <div>
            <h1>{this.state.header}</h1>
            <h2>{this.state.content}</h2>
         </div>
      );
   }
}

export default App;

main.js

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import App from './App.jsx';

ReactDOM.render(<App />, document.getElementById('app'));

This will produce following result:

When you need immutable data in your component you can just add props to reactDOM.render() function in main.js and use it inside your component.

App.jsx

import React from 'react';

class App extends React.Component {
   render() {
      return (
         <div>
            <h1>{this.props.headerProp}</h1>
            <h2>{this.props.contentProp}</h2>
         </div>
      );
   }
}

export default App;

main.js

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import App from './App.jsx';

ReactDOM.render(<App headerProp = "Header from props..." contentProp = "Content
   from props..."/>, document.getElementById('app'));

export default App;

This will produce following result:

Default Props

You can also set default property values directly on the component constructor instead of adding it to reactDom.render() element.

App.jsx

import React from 'react';

class App extends React.Component {
   render() {
      return (
         <div>
            <h1>{this.props.headerProp}</h1>
            <h2>{this.props.contentProp}</h2>
         </div>
      );
   }
}

App.defaultProps = {
   headerProp: "Header from props...",
   contentProp:"Content from props..."
}

export default App;

main.js

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import App from './App.jsx';

ReactDOM.render(<App/>, document.getElementById('app'));

Output is the same as before.

State and Props

The example below shows how to combine state and props in your app. We are setting state in our parent component and passing it down the component tree using props. Inside render function, we are setting headerProp and contentProp that are used in child components.

App.jsx

import React from 'react';

class App extends React.Component {
   constructor(props) {
      super(props);
  
      this.state = {
         header: "Header from props...",
         "content": "Content from props..."
      }
   }
 
   render() {
      return (
         <div>
            <Header headerProp = {this.state.header}/>
            <Content contentProp = {this.state.content}/>
         </div>
      );
   }
}

class Header extends React.Component {
   render() {
      return (
         <div>
            <h1>{this.props.headerProp}</h1>
         </div>
      );
   }
}

class Content extends React.Component {
   render() {
      return (
         <div>
            <h2>{this.props.contentProp}</h2>
         </div>
      );
   }
}

export default App;

main.js

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import App from './App.jsx';

ReactDOM.render(<App/>, document.getElementById('app'));

The result will again be the same as in previous two examples, the only thing that is different is the source of our data, which is now originally coming from the state. When we want to update it, we just need to update state, and all child components will be updated. More on this in events chapter.